IXD102:Week 6-WWII and Modernism
In Fridays class we were introduced to the movement known as modernism. We seen how modernism is defined by a number of different aspects:
- Rejects traditional forms and decorative elements
- Seek a solution that is simple
- Use Geometric Shapes
- Use Primary colours
- Use Sans Serif Type
- Use of asymmetric page layout
- Use of grid
- Page-Organising method
- Apply a planned visual hierarchy
We looked at the work of Jan Tschichold in Graphic design with his New Typography has been recognized as the definitive treatise on book and graphic design in the machine age.
We seen the movement of Degenerate Art, founded on the basis of it being unGerman or Jewish Art. Artists included El Lissitzky, Johanness Itten, members of the Bauhaus, heavily condemned by the Nazi’s for their work.
The Cultural shift to the US followed when in 1953 the ULM school of design was opened, gaining international recognition due to the way it approached art, seen as the second coming of The Bauhaus. The Ulm School of Design was a college of design based in Ulm, Germany. It was founded in 1953 by Inge Aicher-Scholl, Otl Aicher and Max Bill, the latter being first rector of the school and a former student at the Bauhaus.
We began to look at artists who’s work was influenced by the design shift to the US. Artists like Herbert Bayer created pieces like this:
Artists like Paul Rand became known for his corporate logo design, Paul Rand was an American art director and graphic designer, best known for his corporate logo designs, including the logos for IBM, UPS, Enron, Morningstar, Inc., Westinghouse, ABC, and NeXT. He was one of the first American commercial artists to embrace and practice the Swiss Style of graphic design.
